anti rat vegf 164  (Bio-Techne corporation)

Journal: Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science

Article Title: Dose-Related Side Effects of Intravitreal Injections of Humanized Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Rats: Glial Cell Reactivity and Retinal Ganglion Cell Loss

doi: 10.1167/iovs.65.4.10

Figure Lengend Snippet: Microglial cell reactivity. Representative magnifications taken from the retinal flat mounts of naïve left retinas ( A ) and right retinas ( B ), and from the left retinas of the different experimental groups that received an intravitreal injection of PBS ( C , I ), ranibizumab 10 µg/µL ( D , J ) Ranibizumab 0.38 µg/µL ( E , K ), aflibercept 40 µg/µL ( F , L ), aflibercept 1.5 µg/µL ( G , M ) and anti-rat VEGF ( H , N ) showing the Iba-1 + immunoreactive cells (green) at 7 (second row) and 30 (third row) days after the intravitreal injection (IVI). Scale bar, 100 µm.

Article Snippet: The following substances were injected in the different experimental groups: (1) PBS (Sigma Aldrich, Madrid, Spain); (2) ranibizumab (humanized anti-VEGF, Lucentis, Novartis) at two different concentrations: the human clinical concentration (higher concentration: 10 μg/μL) and a lower concentration (0.38 μg/μL) (see next paragraph); (3) aflibercept (humanized anti-VEGF, Bayer) at two different concentrations: the human clinical concentration (higher concentration; 40 μg/μL) and a lower concentration (1.5 μg/μL; see next paragraph); and (4) goat polyclonal anti-rat VEGF 164 diluted in PBS (15 μg/mL = 0, 015 μg/μL; MGC70609; Leinco Technologies, Inc., St. Louis, MO, USA).

Techniques: Injection

Journal: Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science

Article Title: Dose-Related Side Effects of Intravitreal Injections of Humanized Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Rats: Glial Cell Reactivity and Retinal Ganglion Cell Loss

doi: 10.1167/iovs.65.4.10

Figure Lengend Snippet: Macroglial cell reactivity. Representative magnifications taken from the retinal flat mounts of naïve left retinas ( A ) and right retinas ( B ), and from the left retinas of the different experimental groups that received intravitreal injections of PBS ( C , I ), ranibizumab 10 µg/µL ( D , J ), ranibizumab 0.38 µg/µL ( E , K ), aflibercept 40 µg/µL ( F , L ), aflibercept 1.5 µg/µL ( G , M ), and anti-rat VEGF ( H , N ) showing the GFAP immunoreactivity (red) at 7 days (second row) and 30 days (third row) after the intravitreal injection (IVI). Scale bar, 100 µm.

Article Snippet: The following substances were injected in the different experimental groups: (1) PBS (Sigma Aldrich, Madrid, Spain); (2) ranibizumab (humanized anti-VEGF, Lucentis, Novartis) at two different concentrations: the human clinical concentration (higher concentration: 10 μg/μL) and a lower concentration (0.38 μg/μL) (see next paragraph); (3) aflibercept (humanized anti-VEGF, Bayer) at two different concentrations: the human clinical concentration (higher concentration; 40 μg/μL) and a lower concentration (1.5 μg/μL; see next paragraph); and (4) goat polyclonal anti-rat VEGF 164 diluted in PBS (15 μg/mL = 0, 015 μg/μL; MGC70609; Leinco Technologies, Inc., St. Louis, MO, USA).

Techniques: Injection

Journal: Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science

Article Title: Dose-Related Side Effects of Intravitreal Injections of Humanized Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Rats: Glial Cell Reactivity and Retinal Ganglion Cell Loss

doi: 10.1167/iovs.65.4.10

Figure Lengend Snippet: Brn3a ± RGC survival. Representative magnifications taken from the retinal flat mounts of the naïve left retinas ( A ) and right retinas ( B ), and from the left retinas of the different experimental groups that received an intravitreal injection of PBS ( C , I ), ranibizumab 10 µg/µL ( D , J ), ranibizumab 0.38 µg/µL ( E , K ), aflibercept 40 µg/µL ( F , L ), aflibercept 1.5 µg/µL ( G , M ), and anti-rat VEGF ( H , N ), showing Brn3a + cells (red) at 7 days (second row) and 30 days (third row) after the intravitreal injection (IVI). Scale bar, 100 µm. ( O ) Bar graph showing mean numbers ± SD of Brn3a + RGCs per retina in naïve animals (N, grey; n = 3 animals: 6 retinas, 3 left retinas and 3 right retinas), right retinas of the experimental animals (right eyes, red; n = 106 retinas), and left retinas of eyes of experimental animals that received IVI of PBS (purple; n = 6 at each survival time), ranibizumab 10 µg/µL (Rbz, dark blue; n = 10 at each survival time), ranibizumab 0.38 µg/µL (Rbz, light blue; n = 10 at each survival time), aflibercept 40 µg/µL (Afbt, dark green; n = 10 at each survival time), aflibercept 1.5 µg/µL (Afbt, light green; n = 10 at each survival time), and anti-rat VEGF (orange; n = 10 at each survival time). *Statistically significant differences between the left injected retinas and the naïve eyes, the right eyes, and the other experimental groups at the same survival time ( P ≤ 0.0001; one-way- ANOVA, Tukey's test). † Statistically significant difference with the lower dose of the same substance (ranibizumab) at 7 days ( P ≤ 0.0001; t test). ‡Statistically significant difference with the lower dose of the same substance (ranibizumab) at 30 days ( P ≤ 0.0001; t test). § Statistically significant difference with the lower dose of the same substance (aflibercept) at 7 days ( P = 0.0018; t test). # Statistically significant difference with the lower dose of the same substance (aflibercept) at 30 days ( P ≤ 0.0001; t test).

Article Snippet: The following substances were injected in the different experimental groups: (1) PBS (Sigma Aldrich, Madrid, Spain); (2) ranibizumab (humanized anti-VEGF, Lucentis, Novartis) at two different concentrations: the human clinical concentration (higher concentration: 10 μg/μL) and a lower concentration (0.38 μg/μL) (see next paragraph); (3) aflibercept (humanized anti-VEGF, Bayer) at two different concentrations: the human clinical concentration (higher concentration; 40 μg/μL) and a lower concentration (1.5 μg/μL; see next paragraph); and (4) goat polyclonal anti-rat VEGF 164 diluted in PBS (15 μg/mL = 0, 015 μg/μL; MGC70609; Leinco Technologies, Inc., St. Louis, MO, USA).

Techniques: Injection

Journal: Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science

Article Title: Dose-Related Side Effects of Intravitreal Injections of Humanized Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Rats: Glial Cell Reactivity and Retinal Ganglion Cell Loss

doi: 10.1167/iovs.65.4.10

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: The following substances were injected in the different experimental groups: (1) PBS (Sigma Aldrich, Madrid, Spain); (2) ranibizumab (humanized anti-VEGF, Lucentis, Novartis) at two different concentrations: the human clinical concentration (higher concentration: 10 μg/μL) and a lower concentration (0.38 μg/μL) (see next paragraph); (3) aflibercept (humanized anti-VEGF, Bayer) at two different concentrations: the human clinical concentration (higher concentration; 40 μg/μL) and a lower concentration (1.5 μg/μL; see next paragraph); and (4) goat polyclonal anti-rat VEGF 164 diluted in PBS (15 μg/mL = 0, 015 μg/μL; MGC70609; Leinco Technologies, Inc., St. Louis, MO, USA).

Techniques:

Journal: Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science

Article Title: Dose-Related Side Effects of Intravitreal Injections of Humanized Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Rats: Glial Cell Reactivity and Retinal Ganglion Cell Loss

doi: 10.1167/iovs.65.4.10

Figure Lengend Snippet: Topography of Brn3a ± RGC after intravitreal injection (IVI) of different anti-VEGF agents. Representative isodensity maps showing the topography of Brn3a + RGC in naïve left retinas ( A ) and right retinas ( B ), and the left retinas of the experimental groups that received an intravitreal injection of PBS ( C , I ), ranibizumab 10 µg/µL ( D , J ), ranibizumab 0.38 µg/µL ( E , K ), aflibercept 40 µg/µL ( F , L ), aflibercept 1.5 µg/µL ( G , M ), and anti-rat VEGF ( H , N ). The color scale bar at the bottom of ( B ) indicates cell density from 0 (purple) to ‡3500 (red). Scale bar, 100 µm.

Article Snippet: The following substances were injected in the different experimental groups: (1) PBS (Sigma Aldrich, Madrid, Spain); (2) ranibizumab (humanized anti-VEGF, Lucentis, Novartis) at two different concentrations: the human clinical concentration (higher concentration: 10 μg/μL) and a lower concentration (0.38 μg/μL) (see next paragraph); (3) aflibercept (humanized anti-VEGF, Bayer) at two different concentrations: the human clinical concentration (higher concentration; 40 μg/μL) and a lower concentration (1.5 μg/μL; see next paragraph); and (4) goat polyclonal anti-rat VEGF 164 diluted in PBS (15 μg/mL = 0, 015 μg/μL; MGC70609; Leinco Technologies, Inc., St. Louis, MO, USA).

Techniques: Injection

Journal: Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science

Article Title: Dose-Related Side Effects of Intravitreal Injections of Humanized Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Rats: Glial Cell Reactivity and Retinal Ganglion Cell Loss

doi: 10.1167/iovs.65.4.10

Figure Lengend Snippet: Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell (ipRGC) survival. Representative magnifications taken from retinal flat mounts of naïve: left eyes ( A ) and right eyes ( B ), and the different experimental groups that received an intravitreal injection of PBS ( C , I ), ranibizumab 10 µg/µL ( D , J ), ranibizumab 0.38 µg/µL ( E , K ), aflibercept 40 µg/µL ( F , L ), aflibercept 1.5 µg/µL ( G , M ), and anti-rat VEGF ( H , N ) showing IpRGC + cells (green). Scale bar, 100 µm. ( O ) Bar graphs showing mean ± SD of Brn3a + RGCs in naïve animals (N, grey; n = 3 animals: 6 retinas, 3 left retinas and 3 right retinas). Right retinas of the experimental animals (right eyes, red; n = 106 retinas), and left retinas of experimental animals that received intravitreal injection (IVI) of PBS (purple; n = 6 at each survival time), ranibizumab 10 µg/µL (Rbz, dark blue; n = 10 at each survival time), ranibizumab 0.38 µg/µL (Rbz, light blue; n = 10 at each survival time), aflibercept 40 µg/µL (Afbt, dark green; n = 10 at each survival time), aflibercept 1.5 µg/µL (Afbt, light green; n = 10 at each survival time), and anti-rat VEGF (Orange; n = 10 at each survival time). There were no significant differences between the groups.

Article Snippet: The following substances were injected in the different experimental groups: (1) PBS (Sigma Aldrich, Madrid, Spain); (2) ranibizumab (humanized anti-VEGF, Lucentis, Novartis) at two different concentrations: the human clinical concentration (higher concentration: 10 μg/μL) and a lower concentration (0.38 μg/μL) (see next paragraph); (3) aflibercept (humanized anti-VEGF, Bayer) at two different concentrations: the human clinical concentration (higher concentration; 40 μg/μL) and a lower concentration (1.5 μg/μL; see next paragraph); and (4) goat polyclonal anti-rat VEGF 164 diluted in PBS (15 μg/mL = 0, 015 μg/μL; MGC70609; Leinco Technologies, Inc., St. Louis, MO, USA).

Techniques: Injection

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences

Article Title: Finerenone, a Non-Steroidal Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist, Reduces Vascular Injury and Increases Regulatory T-Cells: Studies in Rodents with Diabetic and Neovascular Retinopathy.

doi: 10.3390/ijms24032334

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 3. Finerenone reduced VEGF and vascular leakage in (mRen-2)27 after 12 weeks of diabetes. D, diabetic. Veh, vehicle. Per, perindopril. Fin, finerenone. (A) Three-micrometer paraffin sections of retina immunolabeled with VEGF and counterstained with hematoxylin. GCL, ganglion cell layer. IPL, inner plexiform layer. INL, inner nuclear layer. Scale bar = 40 µm. Ganglion cells denoted by single asterisk (*). Glial cells denoted by double asterisks (**). (B) Quantitation of VEGF immunolabeling in the retina. * p < 0.05 to diabetic+vehicle. n = 4 to 5 rats per group. (C) Vitreal levels of albumin (ELISA). * p < 0.05 to non-diabetic and diabetic+vehicle. # p < 0.05 to non-diabetic. n = 7 to 8 rats per group. Values are mean ± SEM.

Article Snippet: Immunohistochemistry for VEGF was performed by incubating three-micrometer paraffin sections with normal donkey serum for 1 h (D9663, Sigma-Aldrich), and then goat anti-rat VEGF (1:500, 564-RV, R&D Systems, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA) overnight at 4 ◦C.

Techniques: Immunolabeling, Quantitation Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences

Article Title: Finerenone, a Non-Steroidal Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist, Reduces Vascular Injury and Increases Regulatory T-Cells: Studies in Rodents with Diabetic and Neovascular Retinopathy.

doi: 10.3390/ijms24032334

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 5. Finerenone reduced retinal neovascularization, VEGF, and vascular leakage in mice with OIR at postnatal day 18. RA, room air control. Veh, vehicle. Fin, finerenone. (A) Retinal wholemounts labeled with FITC-isolectin to delineate retinal blood vessels in green. Top panels show whole retina. A quadrant of retina (yellow box) is magnified in the lower panel. Scale bar = 500 µm. Asterisks denote vaso-obliteration. Arrows denote neovascularization. (B) Quantitation of retinal neovascularization. * p < 0.05 to OIR+vehicle. n = 5 to 7 mice per group from 2 to 3 liters per group. (C) Retinal VEGF protein levels (ELISA). (D) Retinal VEGF mRNA levels. (E) Retinal vascular leakage (albumin ELISA). ** p < 0.01, **** p < 0.0001 to RA. # p < 0.05, ### p < 0.001 to OIR + vehicle (Kruskal–Wallis test). n = 5 to 8 mice per group from 2 to 3 litters of mice per group. Values are mean ± SEM.

Article Snippet: Immunohistochemistry for VEGF was performed by incubating three-micrometer paraffin sections with normal donkey serum for 1 h (D9663, Sigma-Aldrich), and then goat anti-rat VEGF (1:500, 564-RV, R&D Systems, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA) overnight at 4 ◦C.

Techniques: Control, Labeling, Quantitation Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Journal of Cancer

Article Title: ASF1b is a novel prognostic predictor associated with cell cycle signaling pathway in gastric cancer.

doi: 10.7150/jca.69544

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 8. (A) Protein expression and mRNA level of ASF1b were efficiently inhibited by Sh-ASF1b in AGS. (B) Representative images of subcutaneous tumors in BALB/c nude mice injected with AGS cells transferred with stably Sh-ASF1b/NC. (C,D) Tumor volumes and final body weights of mice injected with AGS cells transferred with stably Sh-ASF1b/NC. (E) ASF1b, Ki-67 and VEGF staining with corresponding antibody in xenografted AGS tumors after ASF1b silencing or NC, Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), scale bar = 10 μm.

Article Snippet: The slides were then immunostained with primary antibodies for ASF1b (1:100, Santa Cruz Biotechnologies), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (1:100, Cell Signaling Technology) or Ki67 (1:100, Cell Signaling Technologies) at 4◦ C overnight, and incubated with secondary antibody (ZSGB- bio, Beijing, China) at room temperature for 30 min. Then the slides were stained with DAB Chromogen (ZSGB-bio, Beijing, China) and counterstained with hematoxylin.

Techniques: Expressing, Injection, Stable Transfection, Staining